AI technology increasingly supports human decision-making, but it also raises fundamental questions about the role of humans in the chain. When is AI a valuable assistant - and when does it threaten to outpace humans? In the theme file 'Human-AI collaboration' we explore how humans and machines can work together in a way that is effective, responsible and controllable.

Central themes are:

• The division of roles between humans and AI in decision-making, and the importance of human intervention(human-in-the-loop).
• The prerequisites for trust, acceptance and effective cooperation: transparency, explainability and user-friendliness.
• Relevant laws and regulations such as the AI Act, which distinguishes between levels of risk and sets requirements for human oversight, and the AVG, which enshrines human control in automated decision making.
• Case studies from sectors such as healthcare (e.g., AI as a diagnostic aid), government (e.g., risk scoring) and business (e.g., AI in HR processes).
• Organizational and cultural factors affecting Human-AI collaboration, such as ethical leadership, training and end-user involvement.